2021智慧上进单元滚动答案

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33.(15分)(1)ABD(5分)【命題意图】本题考查热力学定律、能量守恒定律。【解題思路】做功和热传递是改变系统内能的两种方式,A正确;空调机在制冷过程中,机器从室内吸收热量,使室温降低,吸收的热量要全部转移到室外,向室外放出的热量还包括电机工作产生的热量,B正确;根据热力学第一定律MU=Q+W可知,理想气体从外界吸热,如果同时对外做功,则内能可能不变或减小,即温度可能不变或降低,C错误;根据分=C可知,如果理想气体经过等压膨胀,温度升高,则内能定增大,D正确;在熔化过程中,晶体要吸收热量,温度保持不变,但是内能增大,E错误。(2)(10分)解:(|)设U形管的横截面积为S,加人水银的长度为d,对右管气柱分析初始状态有p1=p+pgh,V1=LnS(1分)当右管内气柱长度为5cm时p:=p+pg(d+h2)-2V:=÷LS(1分)根据玻意耳定律有p1V1=p2V2(2分)联立解得d=95.5cm(1分)(‖)U形管在竖直平面内自由下落时,水银处于完全失重状态,右管内气柱压强等于大气压强,设气柱长度为L。此状态有p=pV3=LS(1分)根据玻意耳定律有pV1=p3V3(2分)两边水银面稳定时的高度差Mh=2(L-L。)+h(1分)联立解得Mk=12cm(1分)【命題意图】本题考查玻意耳定律。

第二节书面表达Dear peterGood news for you. Our school is going to hold a Chinese Speech Contestwith the theme of my life in China. It will be held in our school lecture hallfrom 3 p. m. to 5 p. m. next Friday afternoon. You can talk about your studyexperiences in China or something interesting that happened to you in ChinaSince vou have lived in Ching Chinese for three years, why don,'t yougrasp this golden chance toHere is some advice for you. First, get well-prepared for the contest bywriting your outlines. Second, don' t get nervous in front of the audience. Itsn't matter whether you win or lose. What matters is that you practice yourChineseYours sincerelyLi hua